EUROPEAN BUSINESS- ENLARGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

EUROPEAN BUSINESS- ENLARGEMENT - Essay Example education, culture and disposition), and access to banks and financial institutions. Costs of buying and selling currencies (that is, the service charges of financial institutions in providing foreign currencies to a business) is eliminated in a common market, because only one currency is used. The distorting effects of exchange rate differences are eliminated in a single market. The single currency makes trading easier, since the value of the product in a unified currency is easy to assess. When a firm invest in other countries, it becomes wary that there may be a sudden economic shock that would cause unexpected changes in the exchange rate. This is eliminated in a single-currency market. Since there is political unity in EMU, the chances of war and interruption of relations between any two countries are eliminated, making transfer of resources and business transactions between them more stable. Because of greater political and economic certainty, it would be natural for trade volume to increase and costs of transactions to be eliminated. Also, the most efficient suppliers could be sourced, further reducing costs. In the 1980s, economists determined that Germany’s inflation rates were well under control despite its rise in other countries, because the German central bank, the Bundesbank, was independent of the German Government and thus has the duty to resist reflationary pricing policies by the government. The EMU could ensure the same condition over the common market area. The needs of one part of Europe can have a negative impact on the rest of Europe. This was highlighted in the early 1990s, when the Germans struggled with the economic consequences of German reunification, introducing some instability into the system. In the case of Poland, it appears that there will be increasing stability in the country’s internal economic system with its

History of Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of Policing - Essay Example r inspection of every of the Peelian principles, it is apparent that not only does a direct correlation to today’s policing exist, but also the 9 principles are frequently cited as being the primary foundation for present law enforcement organizations as well as community policing all over the world. This is also evidenced by the fact that several law enforcement agencies presently cite the Peelian Principles especially on their public websites as being their own principles.Thus Peel’s Principles are applied by most policing units in the world. Thus the fundamental undertaking of majority of police organizations currently is symbolized as law enforcement and crime prevention. The most recognizable phrase today in most policing institutions is â€Å"protect and serve† which is a direct reflection of the first principle of Peel; â€Å"The basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crime and disorder† (Thomas, 2011). The governments together with members of the police force are being taken to task for actions that the media has chosen to highlight. Thus, the public today has got a bigger opportunity in reviewing as well as scrutinizing inefficient, illegal and inappropriate activity by police officers. Regrettably, the actions of a single government official or police officer can be very detrimental to a whole local government, police force or community. The second principle put forth by Peel states that, â€Å"The ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon public approval of police actions.†This principle is therefore more applicable today than in 1829 since the media of today are keen to focus on any doubtful governmental or law enforcement activities. Thus in a bid to achieve public approval and assistance, community policing was then established. The 3rd Peel Principle is best illustrated by present-day technology as well as media developments that have allowed co mmunities to be more enlightened of the governing laws in addition